Vehicles
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1 MBT LKPz-92
2 IFV LSPW-92
3 IFV LSPz-95
4 Multipurpose Missile System
The KPz LKPz-92 is a tank completly designed and built in Laywenrania which encorporates most modern technology.
Navigation
1 History
2 Design
2.1 Countermeasures
2.2 Armour
2.3 Armament
2.4 Secondary Armament
2.5 Aiming
2.6 Mobility
2.7 Interior
3 Variants
4 Specifications
5 Operators
The LKPz is a tank based on the LKPz-82 designed to counter modern threats on the battlefield, like irregular warfare and top-attacking ammunition while utilising many parts of the LKPz-82. It keeps distinctive featues like the unmanned turret, but replaces the autoloader with a bustle-mounted one.
Design:
Countermeasures
The turret is fitted with two six-barreled 81mm smoke grenade launchers and two four-barreled flare launchers. The system can create a thick smoke that blocks both vision and thermal imaging. The tank is also equipped with a smoke screen generator that is triggered by the driver. When activated, diesel fuel is injected into the hot exhaust, creating the thick smoke. The tank is equipped with a passive protection LURWS EOCMDAS system. This system effectively protects an MBT against the two most common ATGW types: wire-guided SACLOS systems (e.g. TOW, HOT) and laser-guided ATGMs (e.g. Hellfire, Copperhead). LURWS consists of a specialized computer/control panel, two electro-optical interference emitters located on each side of the gun, four laser sensors located on top of the turret, and racks of dedicated anti-laser smoke grenades. The LURWS has two combat roles. In the first role, it works against IR guided ATGMs, by aligning the turret front to the incoming ATGM and using IR emitters to send false signals which scramble the ATGM guidance system. The second part of the system defeats laser guided weapons. When a laser beam is detected the LURWS informs the crew with light and sound; it then launches laser defeating smoke grenades, which enshroud the tank and break or degrade the lock. The tank commander can also press a button that will turn the turret front to the laser to meet incoming ATGM with the best protected section and to engage the laser beam source with the maingun. The LURWS system weights about 300kg and overviews a total 360° field.
Armour
The LKPz-92 uses multilayered composite armour throughout the frontal area of the tank. The frontal section of the turret is designed to offer a uniform high degree of protection over a wide arc with a steeply angled armour. The roof section is inclined at 84-86°. The glacis consists of composite armour of unknown composition (It is assumed, that it consists out of multiple layers of steel and Steltexolite/Ceramics). The front of the tank features built-in REAP reactive armour plates of the latest generation, effective against KE-penetrators and tandem hollow charges. The nose section is lenghtened, to move the drivers periscope at the hull roof and implementing a steeper angle of the glaics, to offer better protection against modern APDS rounds.
The Side armour is protected by side skirts. In addition, the first 2/3 of the hull are protected by heavy ERA screens. The front is rated as immune against contemporary 120mm projectiles (as long as ERA is intact) over a 30° arc, the side is rated as immune against RPG-7 tandem warheads and comparable Launchers and immune against 76mm guns in the ERA protected area and immune against 30mm guns and protected against 40mm guns in the non-ERA area. The top of the turret with ERA is rated as immune against the Javelin system.
The turret is equipped with triangular ERA-bricks. On the sides of the turret there are ammunition boxes for the heavy antiaircraft SKMG machine gun. The lower glacis plate can be fitted with steel screens or a mine roller. The LKPz-92 tank also has NBC protection and an improved, rapid fire suppression system using non-toxic agents. The system, designed by the WATIK, protects both the crew and the engine compartment using halon. It has an additional mine protection plate and a bar for the driver, which increases protection against mines and improvised explosive devices. The driver's seat has a parachute-harness like arrangement. In this way, the driver does not have any contact with the hull except on the pedals and is out of the shockwave area of exploding land mines or IEDs. The tank is additionally equipped with a signature reduction package and an active protection system APSS. The active protection system consists out of a radar, focused instant effect protection ammunition and the control equipment. It is similar to the ARENA system.
Armament
The main armament of the LKPz-92 is the fully stabilised "high-power" 125 mm PGM-1 smoothbore tank gun, which features a quick gun barrel replacement in field conditions. The LKPz-92 has a rate of fire of about 10-15 rounds per minute (up to 20 rounds per minute in cyclic firing mode) and can carry up to 30 projectiles inside the loading mechanism. The gun barrel is fitted with a bore evacuator and has a thermal sleeve. The LKPz-92 tanks uses an bustle-mounted automatic loader, that allows high rate of fire, fast automated ammo replenishment and increases the survivability. In the event of the ammunition fire blowout panels allow to control it and prevent it from damaging the interior of the tank. The autoloader realizes the "rifle clip" concept - the entire depleted autoloader module is meant to be replaced by a new one by means of the dedicated transloader vehicle, facilitating extremely fast replenishment of ammunition and allowing to quickly address the autoloader malfunction. There is also provision for replenishing it one round at a time by the crew should the need arise. The turret can be turned 360° in 8 seconds.
The gun can fire APFSDS-T (PP-125 APz), shaped charge (KP-125), high explosive fragmentation (EP-125), target practice (ÜP-125) rounds and the ATGM PALR P (range up to 6 km, 17 seconds flight time to maximum range, can engage low flying targets). Additionally the LKPz-92 features the Kumi fuse setting system which allows the tank to detonate HE-FRAG rounds at a specific distance from the tank as determined by the gunners laser rangefinder, improving its performance against helicopters and infantry.
Secondary armament
The LKPz-92 tank has two machine guns:
-A remotely controlled 12.7x108mm SKMG heavy machine gun. The SKMG machine gun is made by ISA Lynx and can be used as a light antiaircraft weapon.
-A 6mm PMG P machine gun (also made by ISA Lynx) in a coaxial mount to the right of the main gun. The coaxial MG is aimed and fired with the same computer fire control system used for the main gun.
The tank is equipped with the 'Falke' (Falcon) FCS, which is linked to a ballistic computer. The gunner is equipped with a dual magnification stabilized primary sight (3x and 12x), which incorporates a langer rasefinder, the laser guidance system and a thermographic camera, both are linked to the FCS computer. The commander has an independent sight, the TNS-2. The TNS-2 is a stabilised panoramic sight designed for day/night observation and target identification; it provides an all round view with a traverse of 360°. The images from the multi-channel sights (TV, Thermal Imager and radar) are collected by the computer, generating a picture displayed to the crew. This gives a very good performance in bad weather, smoke, dust and prevents active jamming from the enemy. The FCS is able to locate and remember positions of enemy targets, showing them to the crew in an easy-to-read image. The computer can display informations of the location of the tank and the status of different systems. The thermal imaging sight allows to detect, identify and engage tank sized targets at up to 9 km distance.
The fire control suite is capable of providing up to three range values in five seconds. The range data is transmitted to the fire control computer and is used to calculate the firing solution. Also, because the laser rangefinder is integrated into the gunner's primary sight, the gunner is able to read the digital range measurement directly. The maximum range of the laser rangefinder is just less than 10,000 m with a measuring accuracy to within 20 m at this range. The combined system allows the tank to engage moving targets at ranges of up to 5,000 meters whilst itself being on the move over rough terrain with a speed of 30 kph.
The gun is electrically stabilized on two axes by the CS computer aided stabilization system. The new stabilization system improves the accuracy of the main gun and reduces the target engagement time, turret temperature, noise, fire hazard and maintenance. The turret has RKS roller bearings to ensure a better stabilisation of the gun.
Mobility
The LKPz-92 is powered by the 1,350 hp (1046 kW)/4500 Nm PDM-12, 4 stroke, 12-cylinder, liquid-cooled, turbo charged direct injection diesel engine, and a eight speed (six forward, two reverse) THM-5800 hydromechanic transmission (engaging under load, one power flow in straight run and two power flows in turns with planetary final transmission), giving it a governed top speed of 65 km/h on paved roads. The tank is also fitted with an air conditioning system for work in high temperature zones. The tank has a maximum road range of about 800 km and can be fitted with two optional 200-liter drum-type fuel tanks at the rear of the vehicle for an increased operational range. Like the T-54/55 series, the LKPz-92 has an unditching beam and a snorkel (to allow river crossings) mounted at the rear of the hull. To meet the power demands of the new equipment, a Vesper generating set has been installed. The new power generation system provides 20 kW of stable voltage. The PDM-12 has a specific fuel consumption of 134 g/hp hour.
The LKPz-92 tanks have a hydropneumatic suspension. The tank also has eight telescopic hydro-gas shock-absorbers to increase the overall speed. The running gear consists of six dual rubber-tyred aluminum alloy road wheels and four return rollers per side, with the idler wheel at the front and drive sprocket at the rear. The first two road wheels have characteristic, prominent gaps between them and the rest of the road wheels. The tank has two bolt tracks with metal-rubber articulations. The braking system consists out of dry multi-disc brakes and a servomechanism.
The LKPz-92 has a tank layout similar to the LKPz-82: a crew capsule and engine compartment in the rear. The three-man crew consists of the commander, driver and gunner. The driver's hatch is in the middle of the hull roof. The commander is seated on the left side with the gunner on the right. The LKPz-92 has a comfortable crew compartment which is climated and NBC protected. The communication system consists of US and UUS stations with intelligent frequency jump and encryption. The crew has an intercom with 3+1 stations. The turret is unmanned and completly seperated from the crew compartment.
- LKPz-92 - basic model
- PTL-92 - Armoured engineer vehicle (base for multiple special variants, like bridge laying)
- SAP-92 - 152 mm Self propelled Artillery system (details on the artillery page)
- STRWP-92 - Multiple rocket launcher (details on the artillery page)
- Weight: 46,5 tonnes
- Length: 9,63 m overall, 7m Hull length
- Width: 3,62 m
- Height: 2,02 m
- Crew: 3
- Ground Pressure: 0,85 kg/cm²
- Armor: Steel-composite-reactive blend
- Main armament: 125 mm smoothbore gun with ATGM capability
- Secondary armament: 12,7 mm SKMG Heavy machine gun, 6 mm PMG P
- Engine: PDM-5 12-cyl. multi-fuel diesel, 1350 hp (1046 kw)
- Power/weight: 29 hp/t (22,5 kw/t)
- Suspension: hydropneumatic
- Operational range: 800 km
- Speed: 65 km/h
The LKPz-92 is only in use with the Laywenranian Army, it is not planned to export it to any other nations.
Wheeled Infantry Fighting Vehicle LSPW-92
Design:
The SPz LSPW-92 is an IFV based on the finnish Patria AMV, built solely with laywenranian parts. Compared to the Patria AMV, the LSPW can only carry 8 soldiers and is shorter. The main feature of the LSPW is its modular design, which allows the incorporation of different turrets, weapons, sensors, or communications systems on the same carriage. Designs exist for an IFV version (infantry fighting vehicle), communications versions, ambulances and different fire support versions, armed with large caliber mortar and gun systems. Additionaly there is an Anti-Air version, which can be fitted with various launchers (replacing Strelas and KUBs).
Armour and Mobility
The vehicle has a very good level of mine protection and can withstand explosions of up to 13 kilograms TNT. The LSPW has protection levels up to 30 mm APFSDS (frontal arc) amd fulfills the criteria for STANAG Level 5 Protection. It is proof against 14,5mm shells all around. To increase Protection modular armour can be fitted.
Another important feature is the very good mobility (combining speed, agility, and crew comfort) in rough terrain, enabled by the sophisticated but rugged hydraulic suspension adjusting each wheel individually. It is fully amphibious without preparations and is equipped with a single water-jet for propulsion. Other equipment includes thermal and infra-red night-vision equipment, winch with 50m of cable and capacity of 5,500 kilograms, and central tire pressure regulation. It is also equipped with an engine preheater, to allow the engine to start in severe cold and an automatic fire fighting system. Its combat tires are capable of enduring anti-personnel mine explosions and small arms fire. If the vehicle is damaged while afloat, a drainage system is capable of removing incoming water.
The LSPW is powered by the 600 hp (450 kW) PDM-6, 4 stroke, 6-cylinder, liquid-cooled, turbo charged direct injection diesel engine, and a eight speed (six forward, two reverse) THM-5800 hydromechanic transmission (engaging under load, one power flow in straight run and two power flows in turns with planetary final transmission), giving it a governed top speed of 95 km/h on paved roads. The IFV is also fitted with an air conditioning system for work in high temperature zones. The vehicle has a maximum road range of about 800 km.
The LSPW-92 can be equipped with soft and Hard Kill systems alike the ones from the LKPz-92. An onboard information control system (OICS) enables automatic control over the transmission, engine and other important parts.
It is equipped for nuclear, chemical, and biological warfare. The tank is also equipped with a smoke screen generator that is triggered by the driver. When activated, diesel fuel is injected into the hot exhaust, creating the thick smoke. The LSPW is equipped with laser illumination warning sensors that can automatically trigger the GFM-76 smoke grenades and flares, thus disrupting the guidance systems of thermal and infrared guided missiles. The LURWS laser warning receiver can locate and identify the threat, warning the crew and triggering the ASG (Countermeasures Launching Device).
Armament
It features in the IFV variant a 30 mm 30M1 machine cannon with 500 rounds of ammunition as primary armament. This is supplemented by a PMG P 6 mm machine gun with 2000 rounds of ammunition on board, a 40 mm grenade launcher and a launcher for ATGMs, all of it located in the remote controlled turret. The turret is fitted with two six-barreled 81mm smoke grenade launchers and two four-barreled flare launchers. The turret is mounted on the UWP (Universal Weapons Platform), which is a modular weapon system supporting small and medium caliber guns (40mm automatic grenade launcher), machine guns, anti-tank missile launchers, automatic guns (30mm) and observation pods. These stations can be mounted on a wide range of ground platforms ranging from lightweight all-terrain vehicles to heavy armor tanks. All the weapons are mounted on the turret and are assisted by a fire control system. The fire control system allows the weapons to be used while the vehicle is moving, and in all weather conditions. The turret can be traversed 360 degrees with an elevation range of −20 to +75 degrees. The vehicle's weaponry allows it to engage targets at ranges up to 4 km. Helicopters and fortifications can be engaged at ranges up to 2.5 km. Further plans suggest to introduce a 40 mm cannon.
Fire-control system on the LSPW-92 includes a digital ballistic computer, a weather sensor system and the TNS-1 day and night sighting system mounted at the commanders station. The LSPW-92 is equipped with the TBS-1 thermal imaging sight, which allows for accurate firing to a range of 5000–8000 m. The gunner is also provided with the 1G46 day sighting system which includes a laser range finder, missile guidance channel and allows tank-sized targets to be detected and engaged at 5 to 8 kilometres.
Specifications
For the IFV
- Weight: 21,5 t
- Length: 7,3 m
- Width: 2,8 m
- Height: 2,12 m
- Crew: 3 + 8
- Armor: Composite
- Main armament: 30 mm 30M1 machine cannon
- Secondary armament: 6 mm PMG P, 40 mm Grenade launcher, ATGM Launcher
- Engine: PDM-2 6-cyl. multi-fuel diesel, 600 hp, 1900 NM
- Power/weight: 27,9 hp/t (21,6 kw/t)
- Suspension: hydraulic
- Operational range: 800 km
- Speed: 95 km/h
Variants
- LSPW-92 (IFV)
- LSPW-92 LAMA (Medium range AA vehicle, armed with 8 medium range Crotale Mk. 3 radar/IR AA-missiles; up to 16 km range)
- LSPW-92 Sankra (Medevac vehicle, up to a crew of seven)
- LSPW-92 M (equipped with a 120mm Mortar and a 6 mm PMG P)
- LSPW-92 A (Recon variant, able to direct laser guided missiles from other vehicles, equipped with third generation FLIR)
- LSPW-92 K (command vehicle)
- LSPW-92 R (communications version, equipped with wireless equipment and wire bound equipment)
- LSPW-92 PA (tank hunter version, equipped with a 6 mm PMG P and 8 launchers for ATGMs)
- LSPW-92 LVPzJ (air deployable tank hunter version, armed with 100 mm gun)
LSPW-92 LAMA
Tracked Infantry Fighting Vehicle LSPz-95
Design:
The LSPz-95 is a native-made Laywenranian Infantry Fighting Vehicle currently in service with the Laywenranian Land Forces. it is based on the BMP-1, but features a longer hull and various other upgrades. The main feature of the LSPz is its modular design, which allows the incorporation of different turrets, weapons, sensors, or communications systems on the same carriage.
Armour and Mobility
The vehicle has a very good level of mine protection and can withstand explosions of up to 13 kilograms TNT. The LSPz has protection levels up to 30 mm APFSDS (frontal arc) amd fulfills the criteria for STANAG Level 5 Protection. It is proof against 14,5mm shells all around. To increase Protection modular armour can be fitted.
Another important feature is the very good mobility (combining speed, agility, and crew comfort) in rough terrain, enabled by the sophisticated but rugged hydraulic suspension. It is fully amphibious without preparations. Other equipment includes thermal and infra-red night-vision equipment and a winch with 50m of cable and capacity of 5,500 kilograms. It is also equipped with an engine preheater, to allow the engine to start in severe cold and an automatic fire fighting system. If the vehicle is damaged while afloat, a drainage system is capable of removing incoming water.
The LSPz is powered by the 600 hp (450 kW) PDM-6, 4 stroke, 6-cylinder, liquid-cooled, turbo charged direct injection diesel engine, and a eight speed (six forward, two reverse) THM-5800 hydromechanic transmission (engaging under load, one power flow in straight run and two power flows in turns with planetary final transmission), giving it a governed top speed of 65 km/h on paved roads. The IFV is also fitted with an air conditioning system for work in high temperature zones. The vehicle has a maximum road range of about 800 km.
The LSPz-95 can be equipped with soft and Hard Kill systems alike the ones from the LKPz-92. An onboard information control system (OICS) enables automatic control over the transmission, engine and other important parts.
The LSPz-95 posseses full NBC-protection. The tank is also equipped with a smoke screen generator that is triggered by the driver. When activated, diesel fuel is injected into the hot exhaust, creating the thick smoke. The LSPz is equipped with laser illumination warning sensors that can automatically trigger the GFM-76 smoke grenades and flares, thus disrupting the guidance systems of thermal and infrared guided missiles. The LURWS laser warning receiver can locate and identify the threat, warning the crew and triggering the ASG (Countermeasures Launching Device).
Armament
It features in the IFV variant a 30 mm 30M1 machine cannon with 500 rounds of ammunition as primary armament. This is supplemented by a PMG P 6 mm machine gun with 2000 rounds of ammunition on board, a 40 mm grenade launcher and a launcher for ATGMs, all of it located in the remote controlled turret. The turret is fitted with two six-barreled 81mm smoke grenade launchers and two four-barreled flare launchers. The turret is mounted on the UWP (Universal Weapons Platform), which offers the ability to mount the most armament moduls on it. All the weapons are mounted on the turret and are assisted by a fire control system. The fire control system allows the weapons to be used while the vehicle is moving, and in all weather conditions. The turret can be traversed 360 degrees with an elevation range of −20 to +75 degrees. The vehicle's weaponry allows it to engage targets at ranges up to 4 km. Helicopters and fortifications can be engaged at ranges up to 2.5 km. Further plans suggest to introduce a 40 mm cannon. The turret traverses at 30° per second, and the gun elevates also at a speed of 30°/second. All movement is done electrically, with a back-up manual system also present.
Fire-control system on the LSPz-95 includes a digital ballistic computer, a weather sensor system and the TNS-1 day and night sighting system mounted at the commanders station. The LSPz-95 is equipped with the TBS-1 thermal imaging sight, which allows for accurate firing to a range of 5000–8000 m. The gunner is also provided with the 1G46 day sighting system which includes a laser range finder, missile guidance channel and allows tank-sized targets to be detected and engaged at 5 to 8 kilometres.
Specifications
For the IFV
- Weight: 22,5 t
- Length: 7,3 m
- Width: 3,31 m
- Height: 2,92 m (top of OWS); 2,03 m (top of hull)
- Crew: 3 + 8
- Armor: Composite
- Main armament: 30 mm 30M1 machine cannon
- Secondary armament: 6 mm PMG P, 40 mm Grenade launcher, ATGM Launcher
- Engine: PDM-2 6-cyl. multi-fuel diesel, 600 hp, 1900 NM
- Power/weight: 26,7 hp/t (20,5 kw/t)
- Suspension: hydropneumatic torsion bar
- Operational range: 800 km
- Speed: 65 km/h
Variants
- LSPz-95 (IFV)
- LSPz-95 Sankra (Medevac vehicle, up to a crew of seven)
- LSPz-95 Art (122 mm self propelled howitzer)
- LSPz-95 A (Recon variant, able to direct laser guided missiles from other vehicles, equipped with third generation FLIR)
- LSPz-95 K (command vehicle)
- LSPz-95 R (communications version, equipped with wireless equipment and wire bound equipment)
- LSPz-95 PA (tank hunter version, equipped with a 6 mm PMG P and 8 launchers for ATGMs)
- LSPz-95 LVPzJ (air deployable tank hunter version, armed with 100 mm gun, width reduced to 2,9 m, length to 6,5 m)
- LSPz-95 LV (air deployable variant for paratroopers, width reduced to 2,9 m, length to 6,5 m)
- LSPz-95 LANA (Short range AA vehicle, armed with 4x30 mm cannons (4500 RPM combined, 2000 rounds ammunition, 6 km range) and 12 short range radio-command-missiles (range up to 20 km))
- LSPz-95 LAMA (Medium range AA vehicle, armed with 6 medium range Crotale Mk. 3 radar/IR AA-missiles; up to 16 km range)
- LSPz-95 LALA (long range AA vehicle, armed with 4 long range radar missiles (range up to 50 km, maximum height 25 km, maximum target speed 3'000 m/s)
30/100 M1 machine cannon
- Weight: 112 kg
- Caliber: 30x165 mm
- Rate of Fire: 250/750 rounds per minute
- Ammunition: HEI (projectile weight: 389 g, 50g bursting charge, Muzzle velocity 960 m/s), HE-T, APFSDS-T (penetration: 50 mm of steel at 2 km against 60° plate)
40/70 M1 machine cannon
- Weight: 351 kg
- Caliber: 40x365 mm
- Rate of Fire: 150/450 rounds per minute
- Ammunition: HEI, APFSDS-T, HE-T
PPALR P
This is the standard ATGM for vehicles. Propulsion is by way of a single solid fuel rocket motor with two exhausts on either side of the missile. The off-set exhausts cause the missile to spin during flight. Guidance control is provided by two pop-out control surfaces at the rear of the missile (four additional surfaces help stabilise the missile during flight). it can either be guided by laser or radar. The radar unit uses the millimeter wave band and the system automatically tracks the target and guides the missile in the radar beam. This form of guidance is LOSBR (Line-Of-Sight Beam Riding) that is ACLOS. When guided using a laser, a continuous laser beam is generated towards the target and a sensor in the rear section enables the missile to ride the laser beam to the target. This form of guidance is LOSBR (Line-Of-Sight Beam Riding) that is SACLOS. This dual guidance system allows two missiles to be fired at two separate targets at once, with one missile guided by laser and the other by radar. Each missile carries a tandem HEAT warhead with a reported penetration of 1100–1250 mm RHA behind explosive reactive armour (ERA), alternatively a thermobaric warhead can be carried to engage soft-skinned targets, fortifications and manpower.
- Weight: 41 kg
- Range: 6 km
- Speed: 353 m/s
- Caliber: 125 mm
- Penetration: over 1000 mm RHAe behind ERA
MRS-15 Multi Purpose Missile System
The MRS-15 is an Anti-Tank/Landing Craft missile system using a completly digitally controlled interface. It is fitted on the back of a modified VPK-3927 Wolf with 6 launchers.
The MR-15 missile has a large warhead which is oversized for a pure anti-tank duty and can disable practicall all tanks by hits from the top, but it can also be used in an anti-helicopter role. The missile is guided by an operator with an infrared image monitor in the launch vehicle. An optical fiber connects the flying missile's infrared camera and its guidance system. It can also be fired vertically and the fibre-optic cable is paid out from the back of the missile as it flies.
It is designed to destroy remote targets before a landing, such as armoured fighting vehicles or small landing ships. The gunner carries out target selection and acquisition and the automatic tracker locks onto the image of the target. Tracking commands are relayed to the ground station computer, which sends steering command data up the fibre-optic cable to guide the missile. The gunner can also carry out manual tracking.
Specifications
For the rocket:
- Weight: 60 kg
- Length: 2 m
- Diametr: 0,16 m
- Height: 2,12 m
- Range: estimated 30 km
- Guidance System: infrared homing based on Optical fiber Imaging infrared (IIR)
- Engine: Solid Fuel Rocket